The first Yom Kippur יום כיפור was as the day Moses descended from Mount Sinai with the second set of stone tablets.
During the 40 days that Moses ascended Mount Sinai in 1313 BC, the Israelites broke God’s commandment not to worship a “Golden Calf”, a graven image.
God forgave the Israelites and commanded them to atone for breaking a commandment. The Israelites atoned and created the most sacred prayer in Judaism,
Kol Nidre כל נדרי All Vows.
The Jewish prayer Kol Nidre כל נדרי has been recited on the eve of Yom Kippur, every year since 1313 BC, יום כיפור.
Although Yom Kippur יום כיפור predates the Spanish Inquisition by over 2,500 years, it demonstrates Judaic commitment to the 613 Commandments in the Torah תורה.
The Spanish Inquisition in the 15th Century, under Ferdinand and Isabella forced Spain’s ancient Jewish community to choose between;
Conversion to Catholicism
Exile
Death
Hundreds of thousands chose expulsion, scattering Sephardic Jews across Europe. This marked the beginning of the end of Spanish power and the Spanish economy.
Some Jews pretended to convert and remained in Spain, renewing their faith in secret, every year, on Yom Kippur יום כיפור.